Sunday, January 19, 2020
social security Essay example -- essays research papers fc
In reading the book â€Å"Social Security and the Family†I learned a lot about the system that I had no idea about before. The book was fact filled and almost fun to read the need to know information. I gained much knowledge in the specifics of why the social security system is in need of reform, and why it will be inadequate in the years to come. One of the reasons our social security system isn’t working is because, â€Å"Social Security was modeled on the single-earner, married-couple family†(1). Times have changed dramatically since then.      When assessing the issues and current structure of the security system for change, â€Å"Four elements characterize the objectives of most tax expenditure programs, including Social Security†(179). A few of these issues are related to recent subjects addressed in class.                                                             The first discussed is Income adequacy,†or the extent to which the program distributes more resources to those who are worse off than to those who are better off, typically measured by annual income. One important measure of the programs success in meeting this objective is its antipoverty effectiveness†(179). Since poverty is one of the main reasons for reform, this is a good issue to have been discussed.                     The second is individual equity, â€Å"based on the idea that individuals should get what they pay for†(181). The problem with this issue is that many people are not getting back all they deserve.                                              The third discussed as in class is horizontal equity, â€Å"or the equal treatment of individuals in equal circumstances†(181). The idea behind horizontal equity is to give families with about the same earning... ...nts' card games to repeat the promise. He has brought along his mother, Barbara Bush, to show he understands older people's concerns†(NYT). This is just one of the many problems we face in trying to fix the system for now and in the long run for when its time for the younger generations to retire. Social Security and the Family†is a very well written book in addressing the under-funded System and other unmet needs. Being edited by three individuals who are Mellissa M. Favreault, Frank J. Sammartino, and C. Eugene Steuerle gives the reader three times the information about the system. The Setup and way the book flowed kept you reading through the ideas with ease. I would recommend this book to anyone and everyone because that is who the Social Security System affects. Works Cited New York Times. The New York Times Company. 2005      Anne E. Kornblut. â€Å"Bush Opens Door to Changes in his Plan†     March 23, 2005. http://www.nytimes.com/2005/03/23/politics/ 23social.html Melissa M. Favreault, Frank J. Sammartino, C.Eugene Steuerle, editors.      Social Security and the Family. The Urban Institute Press. 2002
Saturday, January 11, 2020
The Great Barrier Reef Environmental Sciences Essay
When one speaks of the Great Barrier Reef, they tell of the most celebrated and largest coral reef in the universe. This eye-popping universe of works and carnal life is difficult to grok and is fantastic to see. The wide and shallow Continental shelf of northeasterly Australia provides an ideal base for growing. This reef is a aggregation of 280 barrier reefs, 300 coral keies and stone islands stretching for 1,250 stat mis along the seashore of Queensland, Australia and 160 stat mis offshore. It covers 135,000 square stat mi or approximately merely a small larger than the size of New Mexico. It is inhabited by 1000000s of unusual animals. A individual coral wall holds a broader representation of life than an full continent. It has solid rock that grows upward like a palace or sideways like a Fringilla montifringilla coppice making crevasses that look like mini-grand canons. There are 2000 different types of fish in great battalions of vivacious tropical colourss and angle that do n' t even look like fish. The stone is really coral that comes in all colourss, signifier, and gestures – plume dust storm and Christmas tree coral in ruddy, navy, and pink ; domes of encephalon coral that truly look like encephalons, plate coral that look like elephantine battercakes and staghorn coral that look like they should be on top of a cervid ‘s caput. There is black, pink and ruddy coral that is used in jewellery devising. In fact, there are about 350 different coral types. Coral may look to be lovely workss but they are animate beings – bantam rapacious animate beings. Even though they can non travel, they reproduce, communicate and grow. They begin life as unattached pinpoints called planulae. This pinpoint finds a good foundation, go for good affiliated and develops into a mature polyp. This polyp is merely a heavy tubing with a oral cavity at the top with a circle of tentacles. Despite the simpleness of this design, the coral polyp has persisted for over 400 million old ages. The ground for this success is its place – expression closely and you will see bantam small pores. Each pore is home to a polyp. This place is nil more than limestone that they have created themselves. The polyp takes Ca and carbonate from the saltwater and deposits it about them until they have a snug place. This secreting of limestone continues throughout their life and is deposited at the base of the place so that that the polyp is ever on top. As their place grows, the polyp splits into two, so four, and so eight with uninterrupted dividing until one person has become a settlement. As the size of the settlement grows it becomes a reef that contains 100s of 1000s of settlements with one million millions of polyps, all bound together by their limestone. Corals are invariably looking for more room and finally one type of coral with overtake another type of coral. When this occurs, the also-ran dies and their limestone place becomes the foundation for extra places of the winning coral. This changeless growing, decay and re-growth repetition infinitely as it has for the past 400 million old ages and hopefully for the following 400 million old ages. The Great Barrier Reef appears to be a flower garden with â€Å" petals †blowing in the â€Å" zephyr †of the ocean ‘s currents. The petals are really the tentacles that sit atop the settlement like bantam flowers. This â€Å" flower garden †is lead oning ; it is a deathly web of hold oning fingers coated with glue-like mucous secretion that traps plankton. The fingers of the polyp have tiny un-seeable stinging cells that stupefying its quarry. Then the fingers pass their gimmick from one to another until making the polyp ‘s oral cavity. Some big polyps are so powerful that they can trap little fish. Through a web of nervousnesss, each polyp, communicates with other settlement members. Touch a coral polyp and it will abjure into its rock place. Tap it harder and the full settlement may retreat. Large lone corals can even work together to upright itself if turned upside down during a storm. The tentacles will delve a hole in the sand until the coral Begins to lean ; so go on delving until it uprights itself. How does the polyp know which side should delve and which side should non delve ; is an unbelievable enigma. In order to maintain it self clean and from being buried, the settlement will clean it self by traveling the bantam cilia that cover their organic structures in concert causation deposit and sand to be moved the borders of the settlement. The coral besides secretes a thick bed of mucous secretion that traps soil and so is sloughed off in big sheets. This cleansing maneuver is besides good to other reef occupants as an extra protein rich nutrient beginning. The coral polyps and their places are merely the beginning of the Great Barrier Reef. There are eccentric oddnesss at each crevice and nook. Lionfish with their â€Å" mane †, butterfly fish, clownfish, barracudas, pediculosis pubiss, runt, sharks ; the list can travel on and on. The reef attracts 100s of species of animate beings to feed, engender, and slumber. Sea urchins walk on the tips of their spinal columns beckoning their other spinal columns like a unsighted adult male walking down the street with a cane. In fact, urchins do non hold eyes. The rainbow parrotfish eats the coral reef and passes the limestone out as white sand, which becomes the environing beaches. These eatened countries become places for sponges, worms and molluscs and destructive forces such as bore bits and parasites. The destructive forces create more holes and shortly the reef has become a elephantine piece of Swiss cheese with spreads and tunnels supplying legion mini-ecosystems and concealing topographic points for fish, moray eels, lobsters and sea stars. Some of the more interesting animate beings are the immense, spiked, poison-tipped sea star called the crown-of-thorns sea star, which eats unrecorded coral polyps, the dunce shark, beams, the elephantine clam, sea serpents and sea polo-necks. Despite all attempts by the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, there are legion species that are on the endangered list – which include sea polo-necks, kyphosis giants, Triton Trumpet Shell and the Banded Sea Snake. Marine polo-necks are the earliest seamans of the oceans. They foremost emerged during the dinosaur age and have been swimming in the sea of all time since. Female polo-necks still climb the sandy beaches to put their eggs as their female parent ‘s did more than 150 million old ages ago. Turtlenecks have changed small since that dinosaur age – they still live their full life in the H2O except to put their eggs. Six of the universe ‘s seven species of marine polo-neck live in the Waterss within the Great Barrier Reef. Some species such as the dunce and green polo-neck are seen often, while others such as the Olive Ridley and leathery turtle are rarely seen. The most endangered is the level back sea polo-neck. The causes for hazard are: they lay fewer eggs than other polo-necks, marauders of foxes, warrigals and the Australian Monitor Lizard and vanishing nesting sites. Humpback whales come from the South-polar Waterss to the Great Barrier Reef from May to September to break up and to construct up strength over the winter before they return to the Antarctic in summer. The Great Barrier Reef is the baby's room for the kyphosis giant. Female kyphosis giants give birth to a calf that is 10 to 15 pess long at birth and weigh around 2,000 lbs. The female is pregnant for 12 months and so nurses her calf for another twelvemonth. She can give birth to a babe calf about one time every three old ages. Merely between 30,000 and 40,000 kyphosis giants remain in the universe. This is about one-third the Numberss of kyphosis giants that originally roamed the oceans. Hunting is non the lone ground that the kyphosis giant is endangered. The devastation of their home ground has contributes to their disappearing. For illustration, the giants feed on krill and logging is killing krill. Loging creates overflow of deposit and nitrates into the ocean. The Triton Sea Shell snail is now a rare discovery in the Great Barrier Reef and the Pacific Ocean. They are found at the deepness of 15 – 60 pess in the coral home ground. This snail is really of import to the reef ; it preys on the Crown of Thorns sea star which eats the reef ‘s coral. After turn uping its quarry, the cornet snail paralyses the sea star with an injection of paralytic salivary juices, and so drills through the sea star ‘s skeleton with dentitions to feed on the soft tissue indoors. The Triton Sea Shell is really rare because of the beauty and size of its shell and it is wanted by serious shell aggregators everyplace. Sea serpents occur in the tropical Waterss of the Great Barrier Reef. They inhabit shallow Waterss along seashores and around islands, river oral cavities, and can go up into rivers up to more than 100 stat mis from the sea. This snake provenders on fish, fish eggs, and crustaceans and molluscs. The Banded Sea Snake is egg-laying and is highly deadly. The Banded Sea Snake still must come up to breath air and has smooth scaly organic structures like land serpents. What makes the sea snake an first-class swimmer and frogman is their vertically flattened paddle-like tail. Sea serpents are exploited for their tegument, variety meats, and meat. The impact of this development on the Banded Sea Snake is difficult to find due to the deficiency of monitoring of commercial piscaries. Why is the Great Barrier Reef of import to worlds? The reef is called the rain forest of the ocean due to its biologically diverse ecosystems. It is 2nd merely to tropical rain woods in the figure of species it harbors. Although the Great Barrier reef merely occupy 20 % of the oceans coral reefs ( an country approximately the size of North Carolina ) , it is home to about one one-fourth of the planet ‘s aquatic species. Coral reefs offer of import income beginnings for their human neighbours through touristry and fishing, which provide both subsistence and trade. Recently, scientists have begun to detect that coral communities may incorporate valuable medical specialties that may one twenty-four hours take to interventions for malignant neoplastic disease and HIV. For coastal communities, the reef besides plays an of import function in protecting their coastlines from storms. I have spoken of how fantastic and of import the Great Barrier Reef is ; but, the reef is among the most susceptible to human impacts and is being damaged and destroyed with dismaying easiness. Practices such as over-fishing, the usage of dynamite or toxicant to capture fish and dropping boat ground tackles on corals has produced tremendous harm. Even an inadvertent touch from frogmans and snorkelers can significantly damage the delicate coral polyps. Pollution, silting from land-based building, and fertiliser overflow have led to damage to coral reefs worldwide by barricading the sunlight corals require for photosynthesis by their symbiotic algae. Rising sea temperatures from planetary heating can besides destruct corals. However, when a coral reef has been damaged from human effects, it may hold a more hard clip retrieving from natural catastrophes. Due to the reef ‘s sensitiveness to really little temperature lifts and to alterations in ocean acidification, the Great Barrier Reef is watched to supervise clime alterations. Australia ‘s most well-known Marine and environmental scientists say to be able to deliver the Earth ‘s coral reefs from widespread harm caused by adult male, the industrialised states will necessitate to cut planetary heating, C emanations and ocean acidification by 25 per centum by 2020 and by 80 to 90 by 2050. Coral decease and decoloring due to thermic injuries involved over 50 per centum of the Great Barrier Reef in 1998 and 2002, when the summer maximal H2O temperatures were increased by merely one to two grades centigrade. Bleaching is a mark of emphasis. Corals appear bleached when they expel the bantam workss that normally live in their tissues. High H2O temperatures and other environmental conditions stress corals and can do them to decolor ; but, they can last if the H2O temperature does n't remain elevated for an drawn-out period of clip. The reef experienced bleaching in 1998 and had n't recovered before decoloring occurred once more in 2002. The 2002 bleaching is the worst episode on record with harm to both on-shore and off-shore reefs. Airplanes were used the position the Great Barrier Reef bleaching and they discovered that about 60 per centum of the Marine park reef was heat-stressed. Fortunately, the harm by decoloring has non caused widespread decease of the coral. We mere ly need to look at other reefs around the universe to acquire a clear warning as to what happens when the temperature spikes becomes more legion and acute. Ocean acidification is speed uping and has already earnestly affected the growing and strength of corals on the Great Barrier Reef. Ocean acidification will impact all marine beings and this will upset the ecology of the universe ‘s oceans making a socio-economic influence on piscaries and other pelagic concerns. What sort of impact will the diminution of the Great Barrier Reef hold? The Australian economic system benefits significantly from the Great Barrier Reef ; it generates about $ 5.4 billion dollars every twelvemonth. The touristry industry produces $ 5.1 billion, recreational involvements make $ 153 million and commercial fishing turns out $ 139 million. The coral reef has already seen better yearss despite good direction by the Marine park. Loss of coral protections reduces biodiversity, finally upseting touristry, fishing and coastal protection. â€Å" We ‘ve seen the grounds with our ain eyes. Climate alteration is already impacting the Great Barrier Reef, †says Professor Terry Hughes of the James Cook University located in Queensland. What is being done to protect and continue the Great Barrier Reef? Because of its alone national and international significance, the Great Barrier Reef is listed under the World Heritage Convention. It meets all four of the natural heritage standards: biological diverseness, aesthetics and natural beauty, ecological and biological procedures, and geological admiration. To guarantee that the biological diverseness and construction of the Great Barrier Reef are maintained, the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park has started a class that will enlarge the country and figure of â€Å" no-take †Marine safeties. The no-take zones will hold representation from all bioregions that are recognized in the park. Monitoring is important to track alterations, such as eruptions of crown-of-thorns sea star, locate coral bleaching, or diminutions in the position of inshore reefs. Keeping an oculus on H2O quality is done by supervising the H2O quality in the rivers that flow to the Great Barrier Ree f. Education is raising reef consciousness and taking to improved patterns in the agriculture – cane and banana husbandmans are modifying their usage of fertiliser to minimise run-off loss. The pattern of green cultivated land of harvests and rubbish blanketing ( go forthing the rubbish on the land as compost and non firing harvests ) is increasing, which reduces deposit and alimentary loss. The Great Barrier Reef is an astonishing portion of this universe and its disappearing would be a great loss to adult male and nature.
Friday, January 3, 2020
The Adventure Of The Abbey Grange Essay - 1310 Words
The sense of utter hopelessness and lack of control at the hands of a loved one is a feeling with a much greater understanding in the modern day. By contrast, we see in Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s â€Å"The Adventure of the Abbey Grange†that due to societal attitudes, women in the Victorian Era had few options and recourse in response to violent situations. Women were often trapped in violent relationships, unless a male protector intervened. Conan Doyle was ahead of his time in his view of an abused woman through his acknowledgement of the multiple dynamics of abuse, his recognition of the backlash a woman faced, and the sympathetic stance he takes on the issue. â€Å"The Adventure of Abbey Grange†is the tale of a victim of domestic violence, Lady Brackenstall, whose abusive husband is found murdered. Lady Brackenstall is seen covered in physical marks, indicative of abuse, yet hides and diverts attention from them. Her maid tells Sherlock Holmes of the Lady†™s mistreatment at the hands of her husband, yet also her pride that kept her from complaining. A former love interest is appalled by the mistreatment, and kills Lady Brackenstall’s husband in an attempt to defend her. Doyle addresses the multiple forms that abuse comes in. â€Å"Her sufferings were physical as well as mental, for over one eye rose a hideous, plum-colored swelling†¦.†(Doyle 2). As is the case with most abusive situations, the abuse did not come in one form. There were the physical aspects, but also financial, andShow MoreRelated How does Conan Doyle present the character of Watson in the Sherlock1127 Words  | 5 Pagesalong with Holmes. Although, intellectually he can not compete and always seems to become second best; Holmes, I cried, I seem to see dimly what you are hinting At. We are only just in time to prevent some subtle and horrible Crime. (The adventure of the speckled band) The two also differ in other ways, for example although Holmes is intellectually gifted he lacks the contact of friends, this shows him as a loner. On the other hand, Watson, being the average man, has friends and laterRead MoreSherlock Holmes : A Fictional Character Created By Sir Arthur Conan Doyle1121 Words  | 5 Pagesboth Holmes and Watson use their revolvers shoot and the dwarf falls into the steam, more than likely, to his death. Charing Cross Station opened in 1864 and is still in use today. Charing Cross was mentioned in the following six Holmes stories: Abbey Grange, The Illustrious Client, The Empty House, The Golden Pince-Nez, A Scandal in Bohemia, and The Second Stain. Doyle could have mentioned it more often due to its close location to Holmes’s apartment at 221B Baker Street. Transportation varied throughoutRead More Sherlock Holmes: Logician or Theseologist? Essay4626 Words  | 19 Pages Sherlock Holmes: Logician or Theseologist? I propose to devote my declining years to the composition of a textbook which shal focus the whole art of detection into one volume. â€â€Sherlock Holmes in The Adventure of the Abbey Grange He is a Logician A logician studies the way we ought to reason; she is interested in the distinction between corect reasoning and incorect reasoning. Although we al reason and are often interested in whether our reasoning is valid we are not a l logicians
Thursday, December 26, 2019
The Political Career of Kamarajar - 1582 Words
The political career of Kumaraswamy Kamaraj (1903-1975) spanning about 50 years, cutting across the colonial and post-independent phases, of Indian history, is indeed an enviable record. Representing a novel political culture neither bordering on Gandhian thought and action nor possessing the anglicised sophistication and cosmopolitanism of the Nehruvian vision, Kamaraj, rose from an underprivileged background, stood forth as a sober and robust figure winning the confidence and respect of the common people. He showed a rare political acumen and the uncanny ability to grasp social and political realities from the grass roots level upwards. A hard core political realist, his political life was never governed by any high theories or fancy†¦show more content†¦E V Ramasamy was arrested in December 1938 and imprisoned for a year. This confrontation sharpened the conflict between the non-Brahmins and Brahmins within the Congress organisation. The agitation was continued till Rajaji had to opt for making Hindi an optional subject in schools in February 1940. At this crucial moment, Rajajis candidate, C P Subbiah, was defeated by K Kamaraj with the support of the Brahmin leader, Satyamurthi. Kamaraj was elected as the president of the Tamil Nadu Congress in 1940, the post which he held till he became the chief minister of Tamil Nadu in 1954. The advent of Kamaraj as the party boss from a low caste non-Brahmin background made a powerful appeal to the vast non-Brahmin majority and attracted the non-Brahmin elites and the political-minded elements who had long resented the power and privileges of the Brahmins, and broadened the social base of the Congress.7 The non-Brahmin presence in the Congress gained ground, rallying around Kamaraj, a rustic leader who transformed the Congress into a peoples party championing the causes of the lower castes. Kamaraj grew steadily from strength to strength displaying his organising skills to control men and matters. During these years his contact with the people and the respect
Wednesday, December 18, 2019
Kant s Critique Of Judgment - 1128 Words
An Excerpt from Kant s Critique of Judgment In the first part Analytic of the beautiful, Kant elucidates the judgment of taste. Kant examines the mechanics in distinguishing whether something is beautiful or not and arrives to the realization that beauty is purely intuitive. The judgment of beauty relies not on cognition and reason but on an entirely different aspect .Then, whether an object is beautiful or not depends on the sensation of pleasure or pain the subject undergoes through exposure to it. Kant deduces that the judgment of beauty is subjective; the subject is the primary variable in the equation. The empirical value of the object doesn t matter when it s being judged, only the sensation it radiates in the subject determines its aesthetic status. Kant delineates the distinct factors affecting decision-making in the process of judging beauty. To apprehend a regular purposive building by means of one s cognitive faculty†¦is quite different from being conscious of this representation as connected with the sensation of satisfaction, Kant explains. The representation of the subject in one s mind is compared to all other representations in a certain state of mind, thereby eliminating the need for cognition-building when exercising taste. Empirical judgments, Kant states, can apply to any object, but the result remains logical and rational , while judgments of beauty pertain only to the subjective and are aesthetical. After determining that the mechanics ofShow MoreRelatedThird Breaking Down His Most Important Philosophies1097 Words  | 5 PagesFoundations of Natural Science 3. Critique of Practical Reason 4. Critique of the Power of Judgment 5. Critique of Pure Reason a. Knowledge b. Metaphysics Topic: Critique of Pure Reason In order to understand Kant’s position, we must first understand the philosophical environment that influenced his thinking. There are two major historical movements in the early modern period of philosophy that had a very large impact on Kant: Empiricism and Rationalism (Kemerling). Kant argues that both the methodRead MoreHeidegger, Kant, And The Ontological Argument985 Words  | 4 PagesHeidegger, Kant, and the Ontological Argument In the introduction to The Basic Problems of Phenomenology, Martin Heidegger explains that throughout the history of philosophy, there has been many discoveries of the â€Å"domains of being†viz., â€Å"nature, space, and soul†. However, none of these discoveries could be appreciated in a way that clarifies â€Å"their specific being.†As an example, Heidegger interprets this problem, as the reason Plato understood why the soul, along with its logos, was a differentRead MoreImmanuel Kant s Philosophy And Philosophy1389 Words  | 6 PagesResearch Paper- Immanuel Kant Immanuel Kant was a famous philosopher whose philosophical influences impacted almost every new philosophical idea, theory, concept etc. In a sense, he was considered the central face of contemporary philosophy. Kant spent his whole life in Russia. Starting out as a tutor, to then a professor, he lectured about everything; from geography to obviously philosophy. In his early life, he was raised to emphasize faith and religious feelings over reason and theological principlesRead MoreIs Beauty Treated As If It Is Universal?865 Words  | 4 Pages Beauty is in the eye of the beholder, is a phrase commonly used in today s society to make a politically correct assessment of our judgement of beauty. The popularity of this quote has helped convinced the general public that it is an universally truthful statement. This statement suggests that, the perception of beauty is based on an individuals subjective judgement rather than an any empirical justifications. If the majority of the worlds population believes this statement to be true, then whyRead MoreEmmanuel Kant and Moral Theory1589 Words  | 6 Pagesto show the methodology by which individuals derive moral truths and the fundamental nature of these truths. Overall, Kant s philosophical works are still extremely relevant to modern political and philosophical conflicts and his legacy survives in the essential concepts of liberalism, egalitarian ethics, social contract theory, cosmopolitan global justice, and many others. Kant is also considered the founder of the 18th century doctrine of transcendental idealism and many of his published worksRead MoreKant s Philosophy On Moral Education1554 Words  | 7 PagesPaper One: Kant on Moral Education Jennifer Penkov: 1345217 Phil 444, Dr Alan McLuckie Friday, February 12, 2016 Word Count: 1, 567 This paper will focus on Kant s account of a moral education as found in his Lectures on Pedagogy. It will begin by discussing why Kant believed that education, specifically moral education, is necessary for a human being to realize her Bestimmung (destiny), but not necessary for non-rational animals to reach their natural vocations. It will analyze the role a moralRead More Ethical and Philosophical Questions about Value and Obligation977 Words  | 4 Pagesof Mill, Kant, Aristotle, Nietzsche, and the ethics of care? III For Mill, the question is what is the relation between his (metaethical) empirical naturalism and his (normative) qualitatively hedonist value theory and his utilitarian moral theory? One place we can see Mill?s empiricism is his treatment, in Chapter III, of the question of why the principle of utility is ?binding?, how it can generate a moral obligation. Compare Mill?s treatment of this question with Kant?s treatmentRead MoreEssay on Hegel and Kant on the Ontological Argument1748 Words  | 7 PagesHegel and Kant on the Ontological Argument ABSTRACT: I intend to present Kants refutation of the ontological argument as confronted by Hegels critique of Kants refutation. The ontological argument can be exposed in a syllogistic way: everything I conceive as belonging clearly and distinctly to the nature or essence of something can be asserted as true of something. I perceive clearly and distinctly that existence belongs to the nature or essence of a perfect being; therefore, existence canRead MoreThe Sublime And The Beautiful1457 Words  | 6 Pagesmaterial, efficient and final causes. The formal cause of beauty is the passion of love; the material cause deals with the objective aspect, such as smoothness and proportions; the efficient cause is mental ease and satisfaction; the final cause is God s divine intervention. Unlike Johan Joachim Winckelmann’s prospect of beauty in the Laocoà ¶n, Burke’s view of beauty does not stand on the traditional Greek notion of beauty which deals with proportions, harmony and rhythm, instead just deals with aestheticRead MoreImmanuel Kant And Kant On Morality1097 Words  | 5 Pagescompared to one another, Immanuel Kant and David Hume. Immanuel Kant had many theories throughout his philosophical time. Here are some of his ethical works, Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals (1785), the Critique of Practical Reason (1788), and the Metaphysics of Morals (1797), which contains both â€Å"the Doctrine of Right†and â€Å"the Doctrine of Virtue.†He also had some other works of importance to his moral philosophy including the Critique of the Power of Judgment (1790), Religion within the Boundaries
Tuesday, December 10, 2019
Discuss the Symbolism and Motifs in the ‘Rabbit Proof Fence’. What Do They Represent and How Do They Contribute to the Story free essay sample
Symbolism is the use of one object to represent a notion or other object, whereas a motif is the recurrence of an object, theme, and subject throughout the film. The ‘Rabbit Proof Fence’ is based on a true story on how Aboriginal families were treated by politicians and government. It follows the journey of three young girls, Molly, Gracie and Daisy who were taken from their mothers and moved to the Moore River Orphanage Settlement to be integrated into the white culture, forgetting about their history and background, and how they escape and find their way home. The use of symbolism and motifs such as the spirit bird, the rabbit proof fence and the umbilical cord together with film techniques and music illustrates the strong sense of community, hope, freedom and belonging and helps draw the audience into the film through the sense of vulnerability of the girls. The Spirit Bird, Molly’s totem, is both a major symbol and motif that is used through the entire film. We will write a custom essay sample on Discuss the Symbolism and Motifs in the ‘Rabbit Proof Fence’. What Do They Represent and How Do They Contribute to the Story? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It gives Molly the inspiration, determination, hope and a sense of connection between her and her homeland. The bird is used to portray the sense of freedom and a guide to help Molly through the difficult times on the journey home. It symbolises safety and protection after the children were taken away from their mother. It also symbolises the identity and faith of the Aboriginals. At the beginning of the film Molly’s mother, Maude, points to a bird flying overhead and says to Molly, â€Å"See that Bird? That’s a spirit bird; he will always look after you. †Throughout the film Noyce uses the eagle circling above the girls to show that they are in desperate need of protection. The bird is also seen in Molly’s flashback whilst at the Moore River Settlement, the use of a close up of her face in bed fading to an undershot of the eagle in the sky, brought back memories and is followed by a close up of Molly and Maude giving her the determination to escape and find their way home. Again, when the girls are struggling on their long journey home and they collapse, Noyce uses an extreme close up shot of Molly’s eyes as she hears the sound of the eagle, her eyes slowly open and then the film uses a low angle shot of the eagle flying above the girls in the sky. The audience senses their vulnerability and the challenge that lies ahead. This is followed by a high angle shot of Molly standing and looking at the eagle providing her with the inner strength to continue the journey home. As they continue, there is an aerial shot of trees, the sound of an eagle, an example of diegetic sound and the audience has a sense that the bird is guiding the girls home. The rabbit proof fence is the central motif. It runs from North to South of Western Australia and was built to keep rabbits away from farmland. It is very symbolic as when it was built it kept the Aboriginals in one place and therefore shows how they were restricted in their movement, unlike the freedom of the spirit bird. It symbolises the division between the Aboriginals and the Europeans. The girls are pictured as frightened rabbits trapped on the wrong side of the fence, the same feeling as the Aboriginal people felt. The audience follows the girls on their journey home. The vastness of the outback and the epic journey that the girls experienced highlighted by Noyce by the opening aerial shots and additional overhead shots that confirm their reliance on the fence to guide them home. The fence symbolises hope and the will to live, whenever we see it the hopeful music begins. The fence is an important symbol in the film. It not only highlights the split between the European and Aboriginal culture, it represents a link between mother and daughter. Molly says, ‘Find that rabbit fence, we go home’ Daisy replies by saying, ‘then we see our mum. ’ The fence is the umbilical cord connecting them to their mother. When the girls first see the fence, they run to it and grab it. Positive music is played in the film and drums roll. Cross cutting in the film shows that their mother is also holding the fence. It is a link between the two and it seems as if the vibrations travel up to their mum. During this scene there are close ups of their hands holding the fence. Here the fence is showing a link between the dangerous predicaments they find themselves in, to the safety of home. This symbolises the link between their lives before they were taken from their mothers and their determination to find that life again. The film ‘Rabbit Proof Fence’ illustrates the importance of family, belonging and country to the Aboriginal people. It has contributed to the cultural identity of Aboriginals and Australia as a country. Through clever use of symbolism, motifs, film techniques and music, Noyce involved the audience well and captured their emotions. The use of the spirit bird, Molly’s totem to convey freedom, the fence to illustrate the division between Europeans and Aboriginals and the use of the fence as the unbroken umbilical cord between Molly and Maude guiding them home helped the audience become more aware of this terrible chapter in Australian history.
Monday, December 2, 2019
Kota Fibres Ltd Essay Example
Kota Fibres Ltd Essay The following questions will help you in the preparation and analysis of this case. Use these questions as a guide in your study of the case. However, do not limit yourselves to these questions only, but rather allow yourselves to expand your thinking and analysis of this case. 1. How did Mehta construct his financial forecast? Using the financial forecast, prepare to show the â€Å"cash cycle†of the firm (i. e. , the flow of funds through the working-capital accounts of the firm). 2. Examine the exhibits in the case. On the basis of Mehta’s forecast, how much debt will Kota need to arrange for the coming year? Will Kota be able to repay the line of credit this year? 3. Why do Kota’s financial requirements vary across the year? What are the key determinants of Kota’s borrowing needs? Please exercise the spreadsheet model to identify the critical forecast assumptions. 4. Consider the four memos that Pundir received. Use your intuition to assess the desirability of two of the proposals: ? Pondicherry’s request for credit: What will be the effect of this proposal on accounts receivable and debt balances across the year? The level-production proposal: If Kota undertakes level production now, at the low point of the annual business cycle, what is the likelihood of inventory stock-outs at the peak of the business cycle? If Kota undertakes level production just after the peak, what will happen to inventory and debt balances at the cyclical low? Are these proposals liable to re lieve, or worsen, Kota’s ability to â€Å"clean up†its bank loan by the end of 2001? What action should Pundir take on these two proposals? 5. Why does the bank require 1 30-day â€Å"clean-up†of the loan? We will write a custom essay sample on Kota Fibres Ltd specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Kota Fibres Ltd specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Kota Fibres Ltd specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Should the bank continue to waive compliance with this covenant? 6. Please identify the three most important actions or policies that Pundir should take. What should Pundir say to the bank and to the customers? 1. Mr. Mehta developed a monthly forecast of financial statements using the current operating assumptions. As an alternative way of looking at the forecasted funds flows, Mr. Mehta also prepared a forecast of cash receipts and disbursements. To prepare a forecast on a business-as-usual basis, Mr. Mehta used various parameters such as Cost of goods sold (a figure that was up from recent years because of increasing price competition), operating expenses (up from recent years to include the addition of a quality control department, two new sales agents, and three young nephews in whom she hoped to built an allegiance to the Pundir family business), the companys income tax rate, and the exercise tax. Calculation using 2001 Forecast Annual Income Statements (Exhibit 2) and 2001 Forecast Balance Sheets (Exhibit 3) Days Inventories Outstanding (DIO)= Inventories / COGS per Day = 2,225,373 / (66,993,380 / 365) = 12. 2 ( Round Up = 13 Days Days Sales Outstanding (DSO)= Account Receivable / Sales per Day = 3,715,152 / (90,900,108 / 365) = 14. 92 ( Round Up = 15 Days Days Payables Outstanding (DPO)= Account Payable / COGS per Day = 1,157,298 / 66,993,380 / 365) = 6. 31 ( Round Up = 7 Days Kota Fibres’ Cash Cycle = DIO + DSO – DPO = 13 + 15 – 7 = 21 Days 2. Total Deb t Outstanding= 153,303,169 Total New Borrowings= 2,779,599 Total Kota Fibres’ Debt= Total Debt Outstanding + Total New Borrowings = 156,082,768 Total Sales= 90,900,108 Total Account Receivable Collected= 89,857,685 Total Sales + Account Receivable Collected= 180,757,793 Even the Total Sales + Total Account Receivable Collected is bigger than Total Kota Fibres’ Debt, since the cash money that Kota Fibres’ have only 89,857,685 (Total Account Receivable Collected), Kota Fibres’ cannot repay the line of credit. Except Mr. Pundir and Mr. Mehta can assure that all of the sales can be collected into cash, Kota Fibres can pay all it’s debt. 3. Kota’s financial requirements vary across the year because the demand for synthetic textiles especially Nylon is influenced by seasonal event and competition among suppliers that was keen. We can say that Kota’s business is seasonal business in this case. The key determinant of Kota’s borrowing needs is the suppliers who buy the nylon fiber. Kota has to borrow to purchase raw material for production. If we analyze the Schedule of Cash Receipts and Disbursements for 2001 (Exhibit 9) in the first 4 months, the purchase of Kota Fibres is bigger than sales. Since the business influenced by seasonal peak in demand in late summer and early fall, Kota make money at May – December. The suppliers that buy the nylon from Kota usually ask for credit also. 4. Pondicherry’s request for credit terms of 80 days (since the Kota’s standard terms only 45 Days) will increase Kota’s account receivables. This mean Kota’s make good sales but no cash in. This will affect to the payment of Kota’s debt. The level-production proposal: If Kota undertakes level production and the inventory stock-outs at the peak of business cycle, Kota’s sales will decrease and debt can’t be paid. If Kota undertakes level production just after the peak, the inventory will not overload. Kota can decrease the cost of production and the safety can be used to pay debt. If we consider to these two memos, I think the most liable to relive to support Kota’s ability to â€Å"clean up†its bank loan by the end of 2001 it the level-production proposal. Mr. Pundir is recommended to take the level-production proposal by undertakes level production just after the peak. 5. The bank require 30-day â€Å"clean up†of the loan to ensure that money lent under a line-of-credit (short-term loans) do not turn into long-term loans and can make a full repayment at the due date. The seasonal line of credit had to be cleaned up for at leas 30 days each year (the usual clean up month had been October in this case). Yes, the bank should still waive compliance with this covenant to monitor the lender and make sure the lender can make a full repayment at the due date. . 3 most important actions / policies that Mr. Pundir should take: a. 30 day inventory policy and Partial JIT– to prevent inventory overload and free up a lot of space in the warehouse. b. Level Production – Undertakes the level production just after the peak. c. 0 Dividends in 2001 – Split off strategy / Increase share holders stock strategy. To Bank: Plan t o obtain the long term and fixed rate loan from the bank in order to align Kota’s capital expenditures with long term debt. To Customers: 2%-5% discount-Net 30 – to attract customer pay quickly.
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